Hormone · N-terminal PTH-related protein fragment; PTH1R agonist
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (1-34)
Also known as PTHrP(1-34); PTH-related peptide (1-34)
The receptor-active N-terminal PTHrP fragment, used to compare PTH1R signalling kinetics and investigate developmental cell models.
- Length
- 34 amino acids
- Half-life
- Not well characterised
- Mechanism
- PTHrP(1-34) activates PTH1R, engaging Gs–adenylyl cyclase–cAMP signalling and, in suitable cellular systems, Gq/11–phospholipase C signalling. Although it shares this receptor with PTH, ligand-dependent receptor conformations and trafficking can produce different signalling kinetics.
- Studied in
- PTH1R-expressing cells, chondrocyte and osteoblast-lineage cultures, organ cultures and developmental animal models are used to study receptor signalling and PTHrP-dependent cell differentiation.
About Parathyroid hormone-related protein (1-34)
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (1-34) represents the first 34 residues of mature PTHrP, a protein identified in tumour-derived material during the 1980s. PTHrP and PTH share substantial sequence similarity near their N-termini despite differing across their larger sequences. The isolated 1-34 fragment contains the principal region responsible for activating PTH1R. It does not include the mid-region, nuclear localisation sequences or C-terminal domains present in longer PTHrP products and therefore cannot represent all their functions.
PTHrP(1-34) is frequently compared with PTH fragments to investigate how distinct ligands activate the same class B receptor. Experiments examine cAMP kinetics, phospholipase C activity, receptor internalisation and signalling from different cellular compartments. Developmental research also uses PTHrP-responsive chondrocyte systems to explore the Indian hedgehog–PTHrP feedback network. Because endogenous PTHrP undergoes processing and can have intracellular functions, adding an isolated N-terminal fragment models only a defined subset of its extracellular receptor-mediated biology.
Laboratory notes
- Verify species sequence and whether the C-terminus is a free acid or amide; published PTHrP fragment preparations may differ.
- Use time-resolved cAMP measurements when comparing PTHrP and PTH, since a single endpoint can obscure differences in signal persistence.
- Do not use this fragment as a substitute for full-length PTHrP in experiments requiring nuclear localisation or non-N-terminal domains.
Storage and reconstitution basics: storage guide.
Questions about Parathyroid hormone-related protein (1-34)
Does PTHrP(1-34) bind the same receptor as PTH?
Yes. Both activate PTH1R, although their receptor interactions and signalling kinetics need not be identical.
Can this fragment reproduce intracellular PTHrP functions?
It lacks the domains associated with many intracellular functions of longer PTHrP products. It is primarily a tool for studying N-terminal, PTH1R-mediated signalling.
Why is PTHrP(1-34) studied in chondrocyte models?
PTHrP–PTH1R signalling participates in regulation of chondrocyte differentiation within developmental feedback networks, making the fragment useful for controlled receptor-activation experiments.
Is Parathyroid hormone-related protein (1-34) for human use?
No. It is supplied strictly for in-vitro laboratory research and is not for human or animal consumption.
Related research peptides
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